| Chemical Properties | Pale yellow, crystalline, slightly hygroscopic powder. |
| Uses | Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride has been suggested as a treatment for a wide range of infections caused by susceptible organisms including infections of urinary, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts, gonorrhoea and septicaemia. Nalidixic acid analogue. |
| Uses | Fluoroquinolone antibacterial. |
| Application | Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride hydrate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and blocks DNA synthesis and replication, resulting in bacterial death. It has strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and other Enterobacteriaceae; the antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae is better than norfloxacin and pefloxacin. |
| Definition | ChEBI: The monohydrate form of ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride. |
| Brand name | Ciloxan (Alcon); Cipro (Bayer); Proquin (Esprit). |
| General Description | Ciprofloxacin HCl is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic agent, which shows a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. |
| in vitro | Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity. Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate) (CIP) shows potent activity against Y. pestis with MIC 90 of 0.03 μg/mL. |
| in vivo | Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate) (1 mg/L) induces glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, in contrast with inhibited GST and Catalase (CAT) of larvae exposed to enrofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate) (≥10 μg/L) is ecotoxic for development, growth, detoxifying, and oxidative stress enzymes in anuran amphibian larvae. In a murine model of pneumonic plague, Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate) (30 mg/kg, i.p.) results in a drug exposure which is similar to the drug exposure observed in human following a 500 mg dose of oral Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate). Intraperitoneal Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate) reduces the lung bacterial load compare to controls treated with intraperitoneal PBS. |
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