| Chemical Properties | Solid |
| Uses | apoptosis inducer |
| Uses | An antineoplastic agent that activates Chk 2 and cytochrome p450 |
| Uses | 3,3′-Diindolylmethane may be used as a model substrate to analyze the role of 3,3′-diindolylmethane in inducing apoptosis in human cancer cells. |
| General Description | 3,3′-Diindolylmethane, a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, is a component of cruciferous vegetables. It is known to exhibit anticancer effects. |
| Biological Activity | 3,3'-diindolylmethane is an anticancer agent [1].3,3'-diindolylmethane (dim) is a dimer of indole-3-carbinol generated in low ph environment. it inhibited cell growth with ic50 values of 17, 24 and 30 μm in mcf-7, t47d and saos2 cell lines, respectively. dim induced apoptosis in these cells without affecting the p53 pathway. in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) cell line (5-8f npc), treatment of dim decreased the ability of cell migration and invasion dose-dependently. in rats, transplanted with npc cells, dim administration resulted in suppressing lymph node metastasis. besides that, dim was found to induce erα target gene expression and the concomitant cell proliferation at low concentration (10μm) in the absence of e2 [1, 2 and 3]. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | Acid-catalyzed reaction product of a phytochemical naturally found in Brassicaceae, indole-3-carbinol. It functions as an antitumor agent. This derivative can both directly stimulate apoptosis at relatively high concentrations and sensitize TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human cancer cells. DIM induces a G1 cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells by a mechanism that includes increased expression of p21. DIM is a strong mitochondrial H+-ATPase inhibitor. The function of DIM and its derivatives as a new plant growth promoter has been studied in an eco-friendly system. |
| references | 1. ge x, yannai s, rennert g, et al. 3, 3′-diindolylmethane induces apoptosis in human cancer cells. biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1996, 228(1): 153-158. 2. wu t, chen c, li f, et al. 3, 3' diindolylmethane inhibits the invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo by regulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition. experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2014, 7(6): 1635-1638. 3. marques m, laflamme l, benassou i, et al. low levels of 3, 3 [prime]-diindolylmethane activate estrogen receptor alpha and induce proliferation of breast cancer cells in the absence of estradiol. bmc cancer, 2014, 14(1): 524. |
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